Francisco de Goya

Everything is topsy-turvy (Todo va revuelto)

Clasificación
Everything is topsy-turvy (Todo va revuelto)
Datos Generales
Cronología
Ca. 1810 - 1815
Dimensiones
178 x 220 mm
Técnica y soporte
Etching and burin
Reconocimiento de la autoría de Goya
Undisputed work
Ficha: realización/revisión
13 Dec 2010 / 24 May 2023
Inventario
225
Historia

See Sad presentiments of what must come to pass.

The title was handwritten on the print by Goya in the first and only series that is known to have been printed at the time the works were created, which the artist gave to his friend Agustín Ceán Bermúdez. Therefore, the title was etched into the plate at a later date and left unchanged as of the first edition of the Disasters of War printed by the San Fernando Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid in 1863, after the printing of the series in the possession of Ceán Bermúdez.

There is a surviving preparatory drawing for this print which is housed in the Prado Museum.

Análisis artístico

Franciscan and Dominican monks are shown fleeing from the monastery from which they have been expelled. The confused looks on their faces express their indecision as to the best route to take. Indeed, each of the figures in the foreground indicates a different route to the others.

Goya left a good proportion of the surface of the plate empty, and has described the faces of the figures in great detail: in the majority of cases they are almost caricatures, a fact that has been interpreted as a criticism of the Church.

During the Spanish War of Independence, the Church positioned itself on the side of the Spanish people, but the ecclesiastical hierarchy acted in a more self-interested way as it saw a significant threat to the privileges they enjoyed in the ideas that the French represented. In the case of clergymen that did not belong to the upper echelons of this hierarchy, their position as allies of the people was more sincere: some even cast aside their habits in order to take up arms and fight alongside the guerrillas. As could be expected, this behaviour brought about some reprisals, leading to events such as that depicted in the print Everything is topsy-turvy.

The war shook Spanish society to its core, leading priests and monks to take arms to defend themselves in a way not appropriate to their station. This might be the message contained in the title of this print, although it may also make reference to the fact that the war had breached the stable comfort of religious life.

There may be a veiled message referring to the end of the Inquisition in the lower right-hand corner of the print, as pointed out by Jesusa Vega. On that section of the plate, Goya has etched a monk holding an emblem bearing a sword and an olive branch, symbols representing the Inquisition.

Miguel Gamborino (1760-1828) also produced a print (National Chalcography, Antonio Correa collection, Madrid) in 1813 that portrays the consequences of the intervention of the clergy in the Spanish War of Independence. It shows a group of Franciscan monks being shot by a French platoon on 18 January 1812.

Everything is topsy-turvy continues in the line of the previous print in the series, no. 41, They escape through the flames and also references the theme of the two following prints: no. 43, This too (También esto) and no. 44, I saw it (Yo lo vi), which depict figures fleeing a scene for various reasons.

Conservación

The plate is stored in the National Chalcography (cat. 293).

Exposiciones
  • Francisco de Goya
    Museo d'Arte Moderna
    Lugano
    1996
    exhibition celebrated from September 22nd to November 17th.
  • Francisco Goya. Sein leben im spiegel der graphik. Fuendetodos 1746-1828 Bordeaux. 1746-1996
    Galerie Kornfeld
    Bern
    1996
    from November 21st 1996 to January 1997
  • Francisco Goya. Capricci, follie e disastri della guerra
    San Donato Milanese
    2000
    Opere grafiche della Fondazione Antonio Mazzotta
  • Goya. Opera grafica
    Pinacoteca del Castello di San Giorgio
    Legnano
    2006
    exhibition celebrated from December 16th 2006 to April 1st 2007
  • Goya et la modernité
    Pinacothèque de Paris
    París
    2013
    from October 11st 2013 to March 16th 2014
  • Goya: Order and disorder
    Museum of Fine Arts
    Boston
    2014
Bibliografía
  • BERUETE Y MONET, Aureliano de
    Goya, grabador
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridBlass S.A.
    1918
    cat. 144
  • HARRIS, Tomás
    Goya engravings and lithographs, vol. I y II.
    Bibliography']['number
    OxfordBruno Cassirer
    1964
    cat. 162
  • GASSIER, Pierre y WILSON, Juliet
    Vie et ouvre de Francisco de Goya
    Bibliography']['number
    ParísOffice du livre
    1970
    cat. 1060
  • SANTIAGO, Elena M. (coordinadora)
    Catálogo de las estampas de Goya en la Biblioteca Nacional
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridMinisterio de Educación y Cultura, Biblioteca Nacional
    1996
    cat. 248
  • OROPESA, Marisa and RINCÓN GARCÍA, Wilfredo
    Bibliography']['number
    ParísPinacoteca de París
    2013
    p. 140
  • ILCHMAN, Frederick y STEPANEK, Stephanie L. (comisarios)
    Goya: Order & Disorder
    Bibliography']['number
    BostonMuseum of Fine Arts Boston Publications
    2014
    pp. 244-245
  • WILSON BAREAU, Juliet
    Goya. In the Norton Simon Museum
    Bibliography']['number
    PasadenaNorton Simon Museum
    2016
    pp. 114-151
Enlaces externos
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