Francisco de Goya

The witches' drones (8th dream )

Clasificación
The witches' drones (8th dream )
Datos Generales
Cronología
Ca. 1796 - 1797
Ubicación
The Prado National Museum. Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Dimensiones
229 x 165 mm
Técnica y soporte
Reconocimiento de la autoría de Goya
Documented work
Titular
El Prado National Museum
Ficha: realización/revisión
14 Sep 2022 / 23 Jun 2023
Inventario
D4204
Inscripciones

8 (in pencil; recto, top centre)

112 (in pencil; recto, bottom right-hand corner)

57 (in pencil; recto, lower left-hand corner)

Sueño / Los Zanganos de las Brujas (in pencil; recto, top centre)

38 (reverse, upper part)

Watermark: H C WEND / & / / ZOONEN

Historia

On the gestation, history and aims of the series known as Dreams, a set of preparatory drawings for The Caprices, see Dream 1: Universal Language.

Line of provenance of the present drawing: Javier Goya; Mariano Goya, 1854; Valentín Carderera, ca. 1861; Mariano Carderera, 1880; Prado Museum, 1886.

Análisis artístico

Preparatory drawing for Caprice 63. Look how engravings! The composition presents two figures, the idle drones, allegories of aristocracy and monasticism, in the foreground, on two donkeys.  In the background, a crowd is subtly outlined, encouraging abuse and perpetuating inequality.  The depiction of the crowd is one of Goya's great contributions, according to Matilla, although it sometimes appears in the background. This presence is consistent with the growing importance of society as a whole in the context of the Enlightenment.

The drawing shows an imprint of the print of the sheet, left by the pressure of the press during the intaglio process on the copper plate measuring 217 x 163 mm, as well as vertical stippling measuring 26 mm.

Exposiciones
  • Santander
    2017
  • Madrid
    2019
Bibliografía
  • D'ACHIARDI, Pierre
    Bibliography']['number
    Roma D.Anderson: Editeur
    1908
    p.31, n. 63
  • SÁNCHEZ CANTÓN, Francisco Javier
    Los Caprichos de Goya y sus dibujos preparatorios
    Bibliography']['number
    BarcelonaInstituto Amatller de Arte Hispánico
    1949
    p. 96
  • LÓPEZ-REY, José
    Goya’s Caprichos. Beauty, Reason and Caricature
    Bibliography']['number
    Nueva JerseyPrinceton University Press
    1953
    p. 206, fig. 215
  • SÁNCHEZ CANTÓN. Francisco Javier
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridMuseo del Prado
    1954
    n. 61
  • GASSIER, Pierre y WILSON, Juliet
    Vie et ouvre de Francisco de Goya
    Bibliography']['number
    ParísOffice du livre
    1970
    p.183, nº 578
  • GASSIER, Pierre
    Dibujos de Goya, 2 vols
    Bibliography']['number
    BarcelonaNoguer
    1975
    p. 84
  • BLAS BENITO, Javier, MATILLA RODRÍGUEZ, José Manuel y MEDRANO, José Miguel
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridMuseo Nacional del Prado
    1999
    p. 323
  • MATILLA, José Manuel y MENA, Manuela B.
    Bibliography']['number
    SantanderFundación Botín y Museo Nacional del Prado
    2017
    p.75, n. 33
  • MATILLA, José Manuel y MENA, Manuela B. (comisarios)
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridMuseo Nacional del Prado
    2019
    p. 306
  • Bibliography']['number
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