Francisco de Goya

Datos Generales
Cronología
Ca. 1797 - 1798
Dimensiones
217 x 152 mm
Técnica y soporte
Etching and aquatint
Reconocimiento de la autoría de Goya
Undisputed work
Ficha: realización/revisión
26 Dec 2010 / 21 Jun 2023
Inventario
225
Inscripciones

La filiacion. (at the bottom)

57. (in the upper right-hand corner)

Historia

See Francisco de Goya y Lucientes, Painter.

There are two state proofs before the letter and after the aquatint.

Three preparatory drawings of this engraving have survived  (1), (2) and (3) .

Análisis artístico

A seated woman in profile in the foreground wears a fox's mask over her face and a grotesque mask on her lap. In front of her, a priest or a woman - the identity of this personage is unclear - is verifying the executor's certificate attesting to the young woman's lineage. It seems that she is going to marry the figure standing next to her in the background, although it could also be a bailiff who is checking that the act is going well. The latter has a deformed face with a long, ostentatious nose, and adjusts a pair of glasses to see better. On the right of the engraving is a rapt figure with clasped hands, and on the left is a crowd, a dehumanised mass that is mostly undefined. The light is concentrated on the two figures in the foreground, while the rest are practically unilluminated, which accentuates the idea of indefiniteness.

The manuscripts agree that this is the moment before a marriage in which the bride's origins are being explained to her future husband. In the Biblioteca Nacional manuscript, the significance of the glasses, which are placed high up in the centre of the composition, is specified. They are used to see what is near, that is to say, to look more closely at things, overcoming all appearances.

The bride wears a fox mask over her face which, as in many other cases of Goya's use of masks, reveals the woman's true identity, rather than concealing it as one might think.

A careful analysis of the preparatory drawings will help us to understand how Goya's work evolved until he arrived at the present engraving. In the first drawing, which is the one in the Madrid Album, the mask between her legs has clear sexual connotations that could be an allusion to the young woman's possible hermaphroditism. Goya gradually modified this object until it became a grotesque mask without such explicit sexual connotations.

Conservación

The plate is preserved in the National Chalcography (no. 228).

Exposiciones
  • Goya. Gemälde Zeichnungen. Graphik. Tapisserien
    Kunsthalle Basel
    Basle
    1953
    from January 23th to April 12th 1953
  • De grafiek van Goya
    Rijksmuseum Rijksprentenkabinet
    Amsterdam
    1970
    from November 13th 1970 to January 17th 1971
  • Goya. Das Zeitalter der Revolucionen. Kunst um 1800 (1980 – 1981)
    Hamburger Kunsthalle
    Hamburg
    1980
  • Goya dans les collections suisses
    Fundación Pierre Gianadda
    Martigny
    1982
    consultant editor Pierre Gassier. From June 12th to August 29th 1982
  • Goya. La década de Los Caprichos
    Madrid
    1992
    organized by Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando sponsored by Fundación Central Hispano, Madrid, consultant editor Nigel Glendinnig. From October 26th 1992 to January 10th 1993
  • Francisco de Goya
    Museo d'Arte Moderna
    Lugano
    1996
    exhibition celebrated from September 22nd to November 17th.
  • Francisco Goya. Sein leben im spiegel der graphik. Fuendetodos 1746-1828 Bordeaux. 1746-1996
    Galerie Kornfeld
    Bern
    1996
    from November 21st 1996 to January 1997
  • Goya e la tradizione italiana
    Fondazione Magnani Rocca
    Mamiano di Traversetolo (Parma)
    2006
    consultant editors Fred Licht and Simona Tosini Pizzetti. From September 9th to December 3th 2006
  • Goya. Opera grafica
    Pinacoteca del Castello di San Giorgio
    Legnano
    2006
    exhibition celebrated from December 16th 2006 to April 1st 2007
  • Goya et la modernité
    Pinacothèque de Paris
    París
    2013
    from October 11st 2013 to March 16th 2014
  • Expérience Goya
    Lille
    2021
  • 2022
Bibliografía
  • HARRIS, Tomás
    Goya engravings and lithographs, vol. I y II.
    Bibliography']['number
    OxfordBruno Cassirer
    1964
    p.132, cat. 92
  • GASSIER, Pierre y WILSON, Juliet
    Vie et ouvre de Francisco de Goya
    Bibliography']['number
    ParísOffice du livre
    1970
    p.183, cat. 565
  • WILSON BAREAU, Juliet
    Goya, la década de los caprichos: dibujos y aguafuertes
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridReal Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando
    1992
    pp.67-71, cat. 40-43
  • SANTIAGO, Elena M. (coordinadora)
    Catálogo de las estampas de Goya en la Biblioteca Nacional
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridMinisterio de Educación y Cultura, Biblioteca Nacional
    1996
    p.103, cat. 146
  • BLAS BENITO, Javier, MATILLA RODRÍGUEZ, José Manuel y MEDRANO, José Miguel
    El libro de los caprichos: dos siglos de interpretaciones (1799-1999). Catálogo de los dibujos, pruebas de estado, láminas de cobre y estampas de la primera edición
    Bibliography']['number
    MadridMuseo Nacional del Prado
    1999
    pp.298-301
  • OROPESA, Marisa and RINCÓN GARCÍA, Wilfredo
    Bibliography']['number
    ParísPinacoteca de París
    2013
    p. 196
  • WILSON BAREAU, Juliet
    Goya. In the Norton Simon Museum
    Bibliography']['number
    PasadenaNorton Simon Museum
    2016
    pp. 42-75
  • COTENTIN, Régis
    Expérience Goya (cat. expo)
    Bibliography']['number
    LilleRéunion des Musées Nationaux
    2021
    p. 94
  • TORAL OROPESA, María and MARTÍN MEDINA, Víctor
    Bibliography']['number
    Museo de Bellas Artes de Badajoz y Diputación de Badajoz
    2022
    p. 45
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